DOI

10.21007/con.dnp.2025.0107

Faculty Advisor

Margaret Harvey PhD, ACNP-BC, CHFN; Sharon Little, DNP, APRN, FNP-BC; Jacqueline Sharp, DNP, APRN, PMHNP-BC

Document Type

Poster

Publication Date

Spring 4-28-2025

Disciplines

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy | Health and Medical Administration | Investigative Techniques | Medicine and Health Sciences | Mental and Social Health | Nursing | Nursing Administration | Psychiatric and Mental Health | Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing | Psychiatry | Quality Improvement

Abstract

Purpose/Background Schizophrenia is a chronic mental illness that disrupts cognition, emotion, and social functioning, imposing significant personal and societal burdens. While antipsychotic medications are effective in alleviating psychotic symptoms, they are often associated with side effects, poor adherence, and relapse risk. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) has shown promise as an adjunct to medication, addressing persistent symptoms and improving outcomes. This scoping review examines the integration of CBT with medication therapy to reduce hospital readmissions and improve quality of life for adult patients hospitalized with schizophrenia.

Methods A systematic search of databases, including PubMed, PsycINFO, Embase, and Cochrane Library, was conducted alongside the University of Tennessee Health Science Center online Library. Peer-reviewed studies examining CBT in combination with medication therapy versus medication alone were included. Eligible studies utilized quantitative or mixed-method designs, including RCTs, cohort studies, and systematic reviews, focusing on hospital readmission rates, symptom severity, quality of life, and treatment adherence. Ten studies met the criteria, with outcome data measured using scales such as the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Personal and Social Performance Scale (PSPS), and Goal Attainment Scale (GAS).

Results The review included 5 systematic reviews, 4 RCTs, and 1 literature review. Findings demonstrated that CBT significantly improves positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia, reduces hospital readmission rates, and enhances quality of life. These outcomes highlight the utility of CBT as an effective adjunct to medication therapy.

Implications for Nursing Practice Nurses play a vital role in integrating CBT with medication management to enhance patient outcomes. By advocating for evidence-based practices, educating patients and families, and supporting treatment adherence, nurses can foster holistic care strategies that reduce hospital readmissions, improve symptom management, and enhance quality of life for patients with schizophrenia.

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